Allyl alcohol

CAS number . . . . . . . . . . . 107-18-6
NIOSH REL. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL
                                 [skin]
Current OSHA PEL . . . . . . . . 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL. . . . . . . . . . 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL
                                 [skin]
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV. . . . . . . 2 ppm (4.8 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (9.5 mg/m3) STEL
                                 [skin]
Description of substance . . . . Colorless liquid with a pungent, mustard-like
                                 odor.
LEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5% (10% LEL, 2,500 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH. . . . . . . 150 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH. . The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by
AIHA [1963] that
                                 from animal experiments, a single 1-hour
                                 exposure to 150 ppm might be fatal, while the
                                 same exposure to 100 ppm would probably allow
                                 survival [Dunlap et al. 1958].
Short-term exposure guidelines . None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

                                                        Adjusted               
                               LC50    LCLo             0.5-hr         Derived
Species     Reference         (ppm)   (ppm)   Time      LC (CF)         Value
______________________________________________________________________________
Mammal   Deichmann and        1,000   -----  1   hr  1,250 ppm (1.25)  125 ppm
         Gerarde 1969
Rat      Dunlap et al. 1958      76   -----  8   hr    190 ppm (2.5)    19 ppm
Mouse    Izmerov et al. 1982    207   -----  2   hr    330 ppm (1.6)    33 ppm
Rabbit   McCord 1932          1,000   -----  3.5 hr  1,910 ppm (1.91)  191 ppm
Monkey   McCord 1932          1,000   -----  4   hr  2,000 ppm (2.0)   200 ppm
Rat      Smyth and Carpenter  1,060   -----  1   hr  1,325 ppm (1.25)  132 ppm
         1948
Rat      Smyth and Carpenter    165   -----  4   hr    330 ppm (2.0)    33 ppm
         1948
Rat      Smyth and Carpenter     76   -----  8   hr    190 ppm (2.5)    19 ppm

Human data . . . . . . . . . . . Severe eye irritation is reported to result
                                 from exposure at 25 ppm [Dunlap et al. 1958].
                                  

Revised IDLH: 20 ppm
Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for allyl alcohol is 20 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Dunlap et al. 1958] and animals [Dunlap et al. 1958; Smyth and Carpenter 1948].

REFERENCES:

1. AIHA [1963]. Allyl alcohol. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 24:636-638.
2. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Allyl alcohol (propenol). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 86.
3. Dunlap MK, Kodama JK, Wellington JS, Anderson HH, Hine CH [1958]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. I. Acute and chronic toxicity. AMA Arch Ind Health 18:303-311.
4. Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 17.
5. McCord CP [1932]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. JAMA 98(26):2269-2270.
6. Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP [1948]. Further experience with the range-finding test in the industrial toxicology laboratory. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 30(1):63-68.