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NIOSH REL: 2 ppm (10 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Current OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (25 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (10 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
19931994 ACGIH TLV: 0.5 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) TWA [skin], A2
Description of substance: Paleyellow to brown liquid with a weak, aromatic, aminelike odor.
LEL: . . 1.0% (10% LEL, 1,000 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 150 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the mouse 7hour LC50 of 149 ppm [von Oettingen et al. 1947 cited by ACGIH 1971].
Shortterm exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
Lethal concentration data:
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| Mice (2,4-) | von Oettingen et al. 1947 |
Lethal dose data:
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| Rabbit | Deichmann & Gerarde 1969 | |||||
| Rat | Treon et al. 1949 | |||||
| Rat (2,3-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Mouse (2,3-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Rat (2,4-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Mouse (2,4-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Rat (2,4-) | Lindstrom et al. 1969 | |||||
| Rat (2,5-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Mouse (2,5-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Rat (2,6-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Mouse (2,6-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Rat (2,6-) | Short et al. 1983 | |||||
| Rat (3,4-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Mouse (3,4-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Rat (3,5-) | Vernot et al. 1977 | |||||
| Mouse (3,5-) | Vernot et al. 1977 |
Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised
IDLH.
| Revised IDLH: 50 ppm
Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for xylidine is 50 ppm based on acute toxicity data in animals [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969; Treon et al. 1949; Vernot et al. 1977; von Oettingen et al. 1947]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers. |
REFERENCES:
1. ACGIH [1971]. Xylidine. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 282283.
2. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Xylidine (aminodimethylbenzene). Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 637.
3. Lindstrom HV, Bowie WG, Wallace WG, et al. [1969]. The toxicity and metabolism of mesidine and pseudodocumidine in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 167:223. [From ACGIH [1991]. Xylidine. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices. 6th ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 17431745.]
4. Short CR, King C, Sistrunk PW, Kerr KM [1983]. Subacute toxicity of several ringsubstituted dialkylanilines in the rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol 3(4):285292.
5. Treon JF, Deichmann WB, Sigmon HE, Wright H, Witherup SO, Heyro FF, Kitzmiller KV, Kelnan C [1949]. The toxic properties of xylidine and monomethylaniline. I. The comparative toxicity of xylidine and monomethyaniline when administered orally or intravenously to animals or applied upon their skin. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31:118.
6. Vernot EH, MacEwen ID, Haun GG, Kinkead ER [1977]. Acute toxicity and skin corrosion data for some organic and inorganic compounds and aqueous solutions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 42(2):417423.
7. von Oettingen WF, Neal PA, Sievers RF, Svirbely JL, Monaco AR, Horecker BL, Yagoda H, Sweeney TR, Peterson DC, Alford WC, Hauff VB, Gay H [1947]. Xylidine (c,cdimethylaniline): its toxicity and potential dangers as compared with those of aniline and an appraisal of the potential hazards from its use in blending gasoline. NIH Bulletin 188:88.
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