1,1,2­Trichloroethane

IDLH Documentation
CAS number: 79­00­5

NIOSH REL: 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) TWA [skin]; NIOSH considers 1,1,2­trichloroethane to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].

Current OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL

1993­1994 ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (55 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a sweet, chloroform­like odor.

LEL: . . 6% (10% LEL, 6,000 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 500 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the UCC [1972] report that 500 ppm killed 1 of 6 rats in 4 hours, and 4 of 6 rats in 8 hours.

Short­term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:

Lethal concentration data:

Species
Reference
LC50
LCLo
Time
Adjusted 0.5-hr

LC (CF)
Derived value
CatArch Hyg Bakteriol 1936
-----
13,100 mg/m3
4.5 hr
4,957 ppm (2.1)
496 ppm
RatCarpenter et al. 1949
-----
2,000 ppm
4 hr
4,000 ppm (2.0)
400 ppm
RatUCC 1972
LC17: 500 ppm
-----
4 hr
1,000 ppm (2.0)
100 ppm
RatUCC 1972
LC67: 500 ppm
-----
8 hr
1,250 ppm (2.5)
125 ppm

Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.

Revised IDLH: 100 ppm

Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for 1,1,2­trichloroethane is 100 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [UCC 1972]. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for 1,1,2­trichloroethane at concentrations above 10 ppm.]

REFERENCES:

1. Arch Hyg Bakteriol [1936]; 116:131 (in German).

2. Carpenter CP, Smyth HF Jr, Pozzani UC [1949]. The assay of acute vapor toxicity and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31(6):343­346.

3. UCC [1972]. Toxicology studies: 1,1,2­trichloroethane. New York, NY: Union Carbide Corporation.

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