1,2,3­Trichloropropane

IDLH Documentation
CAS number: 96­18­4

NIOSH REL: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) TWA [skin]; NIOSH considers 1,2,3­trichloropropane to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].

Current OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) TWA

1989 OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) TWA

1993­1994 ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a chloroform­like odor.

LEL(@248°F) : 3.2% (10% LEL(@248°F), 3,200 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 1,000 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: UCC [1973] reported that 5 of 6 rats died following a 1­hour exposure to 5,600 ppm. Because several mice died following only a 20­minute exposure to 5,000 ppm [McOmie and Barnes 1949 as cited by ACGIH 1971], 5,000 ppm has not been chosen as the IDLH. The chosen IDLH is based on the rat 4­hour LCLO of 1,000 ppm [Smyth et al. 1962 cited by NIOSH 1976].

Short­term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:

Lethal concentration data:

Species
Reference
LC50

(ppm)
LCLo

(ppm)
Time
Adjusted 0.5-hr

LC (CF)
Derived value
MouseIzmerov et al. 1982
555
-----
2 hr
888 ppm (1.6)
89 ppm
MouseMcOmie & Barnes 1949
-----
5,000
20 min
4,350 ppm (0.87)
435 ppm
RatMcOmie & Barnes 1949
LC100: 700
-----
4 hr
1,400 ppm (2.0)
140 ppm
MouseMcOmie & Barnes 1949
LC100: 700
-----
4 hr
1,400 ppm (2.0)
140 ppm
MouseMcOmie &Barnes 1949
LC100: 340
-----
4 hr
680 ppm (2.0)
68 ppm
RatSmyth et al. 1962
LC83: 1,000
-----
4 hr
2,000 ppm (2.0)
200 ppm
RatUCC 1973
LC83: 5,600
-----
1 hr
7,000 ppm (1.25)
700 ppm

Human data: It has been reported that objectionable ocular and mucosal irritation were experienced after 15 minutes of exposure to 100 ppm [Silverman et al. 1946].

Revised IDLH: 100 ppm

Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for 1,2,3­trichloropropane is 100 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Silverman et al. 1946]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers exposed to concentrations above 100 ppm. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for 1,2,3­trichloropropane at concentrations above 10 ppm.]

REFERENCES:

1. ACGIH [1971]. 1,2,3­Trichloropropane. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 266­267.

2. Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 114.

3. McOmie WA, Barnes TR [1949]. Acute and subchronic toxicity of 1,2,3­trichloropropane in mice and rabbits. Fed Proc 8:319.

4. NIOSH [1976]. TZ92750. Propane, 1,2,3­trichloro­. In: Registry of toxic effects of chemical substances, 1976 ed. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 76­191, p. 969.

5. Silverman L, Schulte HF, First MW [1946]. Further studies on sensory response to certain industrial solvent vapors. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28:262­266.

6. Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP, Weil CS, Pozzani UC, Striegel JA [1962]. Range finding toxicity data: list VI. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 23:95­107.

7. UCC [1973]. Toxicology studies: 1,2,3­trichloropropane. New York, NY: Union Carbide Corporation. Go back to the Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)