The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Benzidine, 3,3' - dimethyl -

RTECS #: DD1225000

CAS #: 119-93-7

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 212.32 MF: C14H16N2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. REVIEWS:
  6. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  7. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  8. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  9. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Bianisidine
  2. (1,1' - Biphenyl) - 4,4' - diamine - 3,3' - dimethyl -
  3. 4,4' - Bi - o - toluidine
  4. 4,4' - Diamino - 3,3' - dimethylbiphenyl
  5. 4,4' - Diamino - 3,3' - dimethyldiphenyl
  6. Diaminoditolyl
  7. RCRA waste number U095
  8. o - Tolidin
  9. 2 - Tolidin (German)
  10. 2 - Tolidina (Italian)
  11. Tolidine
  12. o - Tolidine
  13. o,o' - Tolidine
  1. 2 - Tolidine
  2. 3,3' - Tolidine
  3. o - Tolidine (ACGIH)
  4. C.I. 37230
  5. C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 113
  6. 3,3' - Dimethylbenzidin
  7. 3,3' - Dimethylbenzidine
  8. 3,3' - Dimethyl - 4,4' - biphenyldiamine
  9. 3,3' - Dimethylbiphenyl - 4,4' - diamine
  10. 3,3' - Dimethyl - 4,4' - diphenyldiamine
  11. 3,3' - Dimethyldiphenyl - 4,4' - diamine
  12. 4,4' - Di - o - toluidine
  13. Fast Dark Blue Base R


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
body fluid assay rat
Salmonella typhimurium 		10 µg/plate MUREAV 79,173,1980
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 450 mg/L EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
mouse 		100 mg/kg MUREAV 319,19,1993
DNA damage human lymphocyte 500 µmol/L/2 hour TOSCF2 72,283,2003
DNA damage oral
mouse 		200 mg/kg MUREAV 440,1,1999
DNA inhibition oral
mouse 		100 mg/kg MUREAV 46,305,1977
unscheduled DNA synthesis hamster liver 1 µmol/L MUREAV 136,255,1984
unscheduled DNA synthesis human HeLa cell 1 µmol/L CNREA8 38,2621,1978
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat liver 1 µmol/L MUREAV 136,255,1984
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 105 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 100 nmol/plate (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 136,33,1984
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 4 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) BJCAAI 37,873,1978
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 3 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) TOSCF2 56,351,2000
micronucleus test oral
mouse 		16 mg/kg MUREAV 444,175,1999
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 26 mg/L EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
morphological transform hamster kidney 80 µg/L BJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transform mouse embryo 1 mg/L JNCIAM 52,1167,1974
morphological transform rat embryo 5 mg/L JNCIAM 51,799,1973
other mutation test systems intraperitoneal
mouse 		100 mg/kg MUREAV 319,19,1993
sister chromatid exchange parenteral
chicken 		169 µg/kg 47JMAE -,137,1982
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 5 mg/L EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
sister chromatid exchange rabbit lymphocyte 50 mg/L MUREAV 89,197,1981


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
implant
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,040 mg/kg/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		JNCIAM 45,283,1970
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,500 mg/kg/27 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CNREA8 28,924,1968
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,650 mg/kg/33 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		VOONAW 20(2),53,1974
subcutaneous
rat 		toxic dose : 9 gm/kg/51 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Ear: Tumors 		CANCAR 3,789,1950
subcutaneous
rat 		toxic dose : 5,040 mg/kg/56 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Ear: Tumors

Endocrine: Tumors 		GTPZAB 9(7),18,1965
subcutaneous
rat 		toxic dose : 3,240 mg/kg/34 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		JNCIAM 45,283,1970


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 125 mg/kg N/R CBCCT* 6,64,1954
oral
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 600 mg/kg N/R AEXPBL 58,167,1907


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 1,87,1972
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 1,87,1972
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMSUDL 7,56,1987


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO o-TOLIDINE-air Carcinogen ceiling concentration 0.02 mg/m3/60 minute NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 84756;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 11;
Number of Occupations 5;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 421
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 84756;
Number of Industries 8;
Total Number of Facilities 854;
Number of Occupations 20;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 9,640;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 6,005


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus; Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in the manufacture of dyestuffs and pigments, as a laboratory agent to detect blood
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-71


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
47JMAE "Cytogenetic Assays of Environmental Mutagens," Hsu, T.C., ed., Totowa, NJ, Allanheld, Osmun & Co., 1982
AEXPBL Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Leipzig, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1-109, 1873-1925. For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947-
CANCAR Cancer (Philadelphia). (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1948-
CBCCT* "Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council Chemical-Biological Coordination Center. (National Academy of Science Library, 2101 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20418)
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979-
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8.
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
TOSCF2 Toxicological Sciences (Oxford University Press, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887 ) V. 41, Jan. 1998-
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation, see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10, 1928-37; V.1- 1955-

Used in the manufacture of dyestuffs and pigments, as a laboratory agent to detect blood

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen

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