The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances
Benzidine, 3,3' - dimethyl - |
UPDATE: May 2005 | MW: 212.32 | MF: C14H16N2 |
SYNONYMS:
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SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
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| EFFECT
REFERENCE
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N/R |
N/R
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N/R
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N/R
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MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:
SYSTEM TEST
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ROUTE/ | ORGANISM/ TISSUE
DOSE
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REFERENCE
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body fluid assay
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rat
| Salmonella typhimurium
10 µg/plate
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MUREAV 79,173,1980
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cytogenetic analysis
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hamster
ovary
|
450 mg/L
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EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
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cytogenetic analysis
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intraperitoneal | mouse
100 mg/kg
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MUREAV 319,19,1993
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DNA damage
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human
lymphocyte
|
500 µmol/L/2 hour
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TOSCF2 72,283,2003
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DNA damage
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oral | mouse
200 mg/kg
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MUREAV 440,1,1999
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DNA inhibition
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oral | mouse
100 mg/kg
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MUREAV 46,305,1977
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unscheduled DNA synthesis
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hamster
liver
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1 µmol/L
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MUREAV 136,255,1984
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unscheduled DNA synthesis
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human
HeLa cell
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1 µmol/L
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CNREA8 38,2621,1978
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unscheduled DNA synthesis
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rat
liver
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1 µmol/L
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MUREAV 136,255,1984
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mutation in microorganisms
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mouse
lymphocyte
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105 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)
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EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
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mutation in microorganisms
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Salmonella typhimurium
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100 nmol/plate (+enzymatic activation step)
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MUREAV 136,33,1984
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mutation in microorganisms
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Salmonella typhimurium
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4 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)
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BJCAAI 37,873,1978
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mutation in microorganisms
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Salmonella typhimurium
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3 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)
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TOSCF2 56,351,2000
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micronucleus test
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oral | mouse
16 mg/kg
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MUREAV 444,175,1999
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mutation in mammalian somatic cells
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mouse
lymphocyte
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26 mg/L
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EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
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morphological transform
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hamster
kidney
|
80 µg/L
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BJCAAI 37,873,1978
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morphological transform
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mouse
embryo
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1 mg/L
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JNCIAM 52,1167,1974
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morphological transform
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rat
embryo
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5 mg/L
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JNCIAM 51,799,1973
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other mutation test systems
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intraperitoneal | mouse
100 mg/kg
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MUREAV 319,19,1993
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sister chromatid exchange
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parenteral | chicken
169 µg/kg
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47JMAE -,137,1982
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sister chromatid exchange
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hamster
ovary
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5 mg/L
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EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
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sister chromatid exchange
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rabbit
lymphocyte
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50 mg/L
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MUREAV 89,197,1981
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REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
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| EFFECT
REFERENCE
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N/R |
N/R
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N/R
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N/R
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TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
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| EFFECT
REFERENCE
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implant | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 5,040 mg/kg/1 year- intermittent
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Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Liver: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors
JNCIAM 45,283,1970
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oral | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 4,500 mg/kg/27 day- intermittent
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Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria | Skin and Appendages: Tumors
CNREA8 28,924,1968
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subcutaneous | rat
lowest published toxic dose: 1,650 mg/kg/33 week- intermittent
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Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Skin and Appendages: Tumors
VOONAW 20(2),53,1974
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subcutaneous | rat
toxic dose : 9 gm/kg/51 week- intermittent
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Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Ear: Tumors
CANCAR 3,789,1950
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subcutaneous | rat
toxic dose : 5,040 mg/kg/56 week- intermittent
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Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Ear: Tumors Endocrine: Tumors
GTPZAB 9(7),18,1965
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subcutaneous | rat
toxic dose : 3,240 mg/kg/34 week- intermittent
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Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria | Endocrine: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors
JNCIAM 45,283,1970
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ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
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| EFFECT
REFERENCE
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intraperitoneal | mouse
lowest published lethal dose: 125 mg/kg
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N/R
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CBCCT* 6,64,1954
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oral | dog
lowest published lethal dose: 600 mg/kg
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N/R
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AEXPBL 58,167,1907
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OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/ | ORGANISM
DOSE
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| EFFECT
REFERENCE
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N/R |
N/R
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N/R
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N/R
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REVIEWS:
ORGANIZATION
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STANDARD
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REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
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Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
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DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
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International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review
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Animal Sufficient Evidence
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IMEMDT 1,87,1972
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International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review
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Human No Adequate Data
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IMEMDT 1,87,1972
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International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review
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Group 2B
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IMSUDL 7,56,1987
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STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
ORGANIZATION
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STANDARD
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REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA
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Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
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Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA
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Carcinogen, JAN1999
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Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND
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Carcinogen, JAN1999
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Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE
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Carcinogen, JAN1993
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Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY
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Carcinogen, JAN1999
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Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND
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Carcinogen, JAN1999
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Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM
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Carcinogen, SEP2000
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Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value; | Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value |
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown |
NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
ORGANIZATION
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STANDARD or SURVEY
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REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO o-TOLIDINE-air
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Carcinogen ceiling concentration 0.02 mg/m3/60 minute
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NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
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National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974
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National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 84756; | Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 11; Number of Occupations 5; Total Number of Employees Exposed 421
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983
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National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 84756 |
![]() Number of Industries 8; Total Number of Facilities 854; Number of Occupations 20; Total Number of Employees Exposed 9,640; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 6,005 |
STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
ORGANIZATION
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REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
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EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
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EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus; Histidine reversion-Ames test
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EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
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EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
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Used in the manufacture of dyestuffs and pigments, as a laboratory agent to detect blood
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On EPA IRIS database
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EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
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NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
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OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-71
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REFERENCES:
CODEN
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REFERENCE
47JMAE
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"Cytogenetic Assays of Environmental Mutagens," Hsu, T.C., ed., Totowa, NJ, Allanheld, Osmun
& Co., 1982
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AEXPBL
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Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Leipzig, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1-109,
1873-1925. For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
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BJCAAI
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British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS,
UK) V.1- 1947-
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CANCAR
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Cancer (Philadelphia). (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave.,
Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1948-
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CBCCT*
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"Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council Chemical-Biological
Coordination Center. (National Academy of Science Library, 2101 Constitution Ave., NW,
Washington, DC 20418)
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CNREA8
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Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA
19106) V.1- 1941-
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DTLVS*
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The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
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EMMUEG
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Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY
10003) V.10- 1987-
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GTPZAB
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Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see
MTPEEI
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IMEMDT
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IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications
Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
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IMSUDL
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IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY
12210) No.1- 1979-
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JNCIAM
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Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher
information, see JJIND8.
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MUREAV
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Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-
1964-
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NIOSH*
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National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and
Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
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TOSCF2
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Toxicological Sciences (Oxford University Press, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887 )
V. 41, Jan. 1998-
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VOONAW
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Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation, see PONCAU. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10, 1928-37; V.1- 1955-
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