The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Chlorine oxide

RTECS #: FO3000000

CAS #: 10049-04-4

UPDATE: February 2005 MW: 67.45 MF: ClO2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Alcide
  2. Anthium dioxcide
  3. Chlorine dioxide
  4. Chlorine dioxide (ACGIH:OSHA)
  5. Chlorine peroxide
  1. Chlorine (IV) oxide
  2. Chloroperoxyl
  3. Chloryl radical
  4. Doxcide 50


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		100 mg mild JJATDK 2,160,1982


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
DNA damage multiple
other fish 		1.63 mg/l/3 hour MUREAV 557,119,2004
DNA inhibition oral
rat 		84 mg/kg/12 week- continuous JEPOEC 6(1),105,1985
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 400 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) FCTOD7 22,623,1984
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
mouse 		3,200 µg/kg FCTOD7 26,487,1988
micronucleus test multiple
other fish 		1.64 mg/l/20 day- continuous MUREAV 557,119,2004


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg (1-21 day pregnant/21 day after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) EVHPAZ 46,31,1982
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 960 mg/kg (76 day prior to copulation/1-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) 		JJATDK 3,75,1983
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 570 mg/kg (14 day prior to copulation-21 day after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical 		NTIS** PB85-245983
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,130 mg/kg (8 week male/2 week prior to copulation-3 week after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic TJADAB 35,43A,1987
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 92 mg/kg (10 week prior to copulation/22 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system VCVN5* -,381,1989


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
cat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3 Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough 		VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 mg/m3 Eye: Conjunctiva irritation VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published lethal concentration: 200 mg/m3/15 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): >547 gm/m3 N/R WDZAEK 9,201,1995
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3 Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough 		VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 260 ppm/2 hour Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Eye: Other eye effects 		AMIHAB 15,101,1957
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3 Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough 		VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3 Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough 		VCVN5* -,380,1989
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >5 gm/kg N/R WDZAEK 9,201,1995
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 292 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair 		JJATDK 2,160,1982
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 140 mg/kg N/R VCVN5* -,380,1989
unreported route
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 140 mg/kg N/R GISAAA 36(11),18,1971


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/4 hour/14 day- intermittent Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AMIHAB 15,101,1957
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 7 mg/m3/7 hour/30 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 13 mg/m3/2 hour/30 day- intermittent Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes 		VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 7 mg/m3/7 hour/30 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,380,1989
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 13 mg/m3/2 hour/30 day- intermittent Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes 		VCVN5* -,380,1989
oral
monkey 		lowest published toxic dose: 140 mg/kg/4 week- continuous Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction VCVN5* -,381,1989
oral
monkey 		lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/8 week- continuous Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction VCVN5* -,381,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 365 mg/kg/1 year- continuous Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Blood: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		JEPOEC 6(1),105,1985


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.1 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 564,179,2004


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Supported RBREV* -,301,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) DTLVS* 3,46,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.28 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm (0.9 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), VLE 0.3 ppm (0.8 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 0.3 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 0.9 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), KTV 0.3 ppm (0.8 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), KZG- week 0.2 ppm (0.6 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.28 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO CHLORINE DIOXIDE-air 10 hour time-weighted average 0.1 ppm;
short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 18045;
Number of Industries 7;
Total Number of Facilities 236;
Number of Occupations 12;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 7,892;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 4,348


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a liquid sterilizer in an ultrasonic cleaner
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID202


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
JEPOEC Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology. (Chem-Orbital, POB 134, Park Forest, IL 60466) V.5(4)- 1984-
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
VCVN5* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov V-VII groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing V-VII group elements), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1989.
WDZAEK Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi. Journal of Health Toxicology. (Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi Bianjibu, Dongdaqiao, Chaoyang Menwai, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1987

Used as a liquid sterilizer in an ultrasonic cleaner

NIOSH PROFILE (PULP AND PAPER MILLS), SRI, 2/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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