The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Ethylenimine

RTECS #: KX5075000

CAS #: 151-56-4

UPDATE: May 2004 MW: 43.08 MF: C2H5N


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1H - Azirine, dihydro -
  2. Aethylenimin (German)
  3. Azacyclopropane
  4. Aziran
  5. Aziridin (German)
  6. Aziridine
  7. Dihydro - 1H - azirine
  8. Dihydroazirene
  9. Dimethyleneimine
  1. EI
  2. ENT - 50324
  3. Ethyleenimine (Dutch)
  4. Ethylene imine
  5. Ethyleneimine
  6. Ethyleneimine (ACGIH:OSHA)
  7. Etilenimina (Italian)
  8. RCRA waste number P054
  9. TL 337


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
mouse 		2 ppm/1 minute N/R JIHTAB 30,7,1948
eye
rabbit 		2 mg severe AJOPAA 29,1363,1946
skin
rabbit 		10 mg/24 hour open irritation test severe JIHTAB 30,63,1948


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis chicken fibroblast 770 µmol/L MUREAV 81,123,1981
cytogenetic analysis parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		10 mmol/L MUREAV 6,129,1968
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 1 µmol/L/1 hour ARTODN 46,61,1980
cytogenetic analysis human leukocyte 10 µmol/L/1 hour 22XWAN -,367,1970
cytogenetic analysis human lung 10 µmol/L MUREAV 4,83,1967
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
rat 		5 mg/kg BJPCAL 6,357,1951
cytogenetic analysis inhalation
rat 		8 µg/L/17 week TPKVAL 13,51,1973
dominant lethal test inhalation
Drosophila melanogaster 		1,250 ppm SOGEBZ 11,883,1975
dominant lethal test intraperitoneal
mouse 		5 mg/kg EVSRBT 24,943,1981
dominant lethal test parenteral
other insects 		20 mmol/L MUREAV 15,67,1972
DNA damage inhalation
other insects 		100 ppm MUREAV 476,149,2001
DNA inhibition human HeLa cell 500 µmol/L CNREA8 38,4445,1978
DNA inhibition intravaginal
mouse 		1 pph JIDEAE 62,378,1974
DNA inhibition intraperitoneal
mouse 		1 mg/kg MUREAV 46,305,1977
DNA repair Bacillus subtilis 800 mg/L EVSRBT 24,19,1981
DNA repair Escherichia coli 1 pph AGACBH 4,286,1974
DNA repair Salmonella typhimurium 1 pph AGACBH 4,286,1974
unscheduled DNA synthesis parenteral
mouse 		5 mg/kg EVSRBT 24,943,1981
mutation in microorganisms Aspergillus nidulans 10 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) SOGEBZ 6,220,1970
mutation in microorganisms Bacillus subtilis 19,300 nmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) JACBBD 25,73,1975
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 100 mmol/plate (-enzymatic activation step) PCJOAU 22,292,1988
mutation in microorganisms Neurospora crassa 20 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 53,297,1978
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 100 mmol/plate (-enzymatic activation step) PCJOAU 22,292,1988
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 600 ppm/2 hour- continuous (-enzymatic activation step) DBANAD 31,1477,1978
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 500 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) AMBBBR 6,15,1974
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 2,000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step) SOGEBZ 7,948,1971
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 100 mmol/plate (-enzymatic activation step) PCJOAU 15,482,1981
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1 pph (-enzymatic activation step) ANTBAL 27,738,1982
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 1 pph (+enzymatic activation step) AGACBH 4,286,1974
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 10 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) PNASA6 72,5135,1975
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 1 pph (-enzymatic activation step) AGACBH 4,286,1974
micronucleus test multiple
non-mammalian species 		500 ppb/8 day- continuous MUREAV 125,275,1984
gene conversion and mitotic recombination inhalation
Drosophila melanogaster 		2,700 ppm SOGEBZ 11,1073,1975
gene conversion and mitotic recombination Saccharomyes cerevisiae 1 pph AGACBH 4,286,1974
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster ovary 2 mg/L MUREAV 94,449,1982
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction multiple
Drosophila melanogaster 		1 pph/8 hour- continuous GNKAA5 21,958,1985
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		2 ppm NTIS** PB81-160848
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		10 mmol/L GENTAE 56,273,1967
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction intraperitoneal
Drosophila melanogaster 		10 mmol/L PNASA6 53,282,1965
specific locus test parenteral
silkworm 		2 mmol/L MUREAV 7,425,1969
heritable translocation test parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		6,500 µmol/L IDZAAW 39,155,1964


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 800 µg/m3/24 hour (1 day male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct TPKVAL 14,16,1975
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 19 mg/m3 (6 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		TPKVAL 9,59,1967
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 19 mg/m3 (6 week male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		TPKVAL 9,59,1967
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 700 µg/m3 (17 week male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		TPKVAL 9,59,1967
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 41,760 µg/kg (6-14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) 		NTIS** PB223-160
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 41,760 µg/kg (6-14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		NTIS** PB223-160


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 6,500 µg/kg/5 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		VOONAW 27(5),88,1981
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 235 mg/kg/76 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		JNCIAM 42,1101,1969
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/67 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application 		BJPCAL 9,306,1954
subcutaneous
rat 		toxic dose : 10 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application 		BJPCAL 9,306,1954


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 25 ppm/8 hour Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) 		JIHTAB 30,2,1948
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 400 mg/m3/2 hour Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		TPKVAL 8,41,1966
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 100 mg/m3/2 hour N/R 85GMAT -,67,1982
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published lethal concentration: 100 mg/m3/2 hour Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Other changes 		TPKVAL 8,41,1966
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased BJPCAL 25,223,1965
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3,500 µg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased BJPCAL 21,581,1963
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 15 mg/kg Behavioral: General anesthetic

Gastrointestinal: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		JIHTAB 23,259,1941
subcutaneous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg N/R TPKVAL 10,25,1968
skin
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 14 mg/kg N/R JIHTAB 30,63,1948
unreported route
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 15 mg/kg N/R BJCAAI 6,160,1952


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 700 µg/m3/4 hour/17 week- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria

Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified)

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response 		TPKVAL 9,50,1967
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/4 hour/6 week- intermittent Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TPKVAL 8,41,1966


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 9,37,1975
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 71,337,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 9,37,1975
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 71,337,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMEMDT 71,337,1999


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* 3,111,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1926.1112 CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) cancer suspect agent CFRGBR 29,1910.1012,1987
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND short term exposure limit 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit 0.5 ppm (0.88 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA time-weighted average 0.5 ppm, short term exposure limit 0.02 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ETHYLENEIMINE-air Carcinogen use 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.1012 NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: M0492;
Number of Industries 2;
Total Number of Facilities 19;
Number of Occupations 17;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,712
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: M0492;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 4;
Number of Occupations 13;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,093


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Aspergillus-reversion; In vitro cytogenetics-human
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro cytogenetics-human lymphocyte
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-reciprocal translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-forward mutation; N crassa-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal; UDS in mouse germ cells
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-forward mutation; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S pombe-forward mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/limited: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in production of binding agents, formation of plastics and improving paper strength
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethylenimine, 3514


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
22XWAN "Chemical Mutagenesis in Mammals and Man," Vogel, F., and G. Roehrborn, eds., Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger., Springer, 1970
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982
AGACBH Agents and Actions, A Swiss Journal of Pharmacology. (Birkhaeuser Verlag, POB 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1969/70-
AJOPAA American Journal of Ophthalmology. (Ophthalmic Pub. Co., 435 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1415, Chicago, IL 60611) Series 3: V.1- 1918-
AMBBBR Acta Microbiologica Polonica, Series B: Microbiologica Applicata. (Warsaw, Poland) V.1-7, 1969-75. For publisher information, see AMPOAX.
ANTBAL Antibiotiki. (Moscow, USSR) V.1-29, 1956-84. For publisher information, see AMBIEH.
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947-
BJPCAL British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. (London, UK) V.1-33, 1946-68. For publisher information, see BJPCBM.
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
DBANAD Doklady Bolgarskoi Akademii Nauk. (Hemus, Blvd. Russki 6, Sofia, Bulgaria) V.1- 1948-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EVSRBT Environmental Science Research. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1972-
GENTAE Genetics. (Genetics Business Office, POB 64025, Baltimore, MD 21264) V.1- 1916-
GNKAA5 Genetika (Moscow). For English translation, see SOGEBZ. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1965-
IDZAAW Japanese Journal of Genetics. Idengaku Zasshi. (Genetics Soc. of Japan, 111 Tanida, Mishima, Shizuoka-ken, Japan) V.1- 1921-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JACBBD Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology. (London, UK) V.21-28, 1971-78.
JIDEAE Journal of Investigative Dermatology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1938-
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8.
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation). Translation of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No.1- 1967-
PNASA6 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. (National Academy of Sciences, Printing & Pub. Office, 2101 Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20418) V.1- 1915-
SOGEBZ Soviet Genetics. English translation of GNKAA5. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.2- 1966-
TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1961-
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation, see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10, 1928-37; V.1- 1955-

Used in production of binding agents, formation of plastics and improving paper strength

NIOSH PROFILE (IMINES, ALIPHATIC), SRC, 4/78

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Primary Irritant

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