The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Sulfur dioxide

RTECS #: WS4550000

CAS #: 7446-09-5

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 64.06 MF: O2S


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Fermenicide liquid
  2. Fermenicide powder
  3. Schwefeldioxyd (German)
  4. Siarki dwutlenek (Polish)
  5. Sulfurous oxide
  6. Sulfur oxide
  1. Sulfur dioxide (ACGIH:OSHA)
  2. Sulfurous acid anhydride
  3. Sulfurous anhydride
  4. Sulfur superoxide
  5. Sulphur dioxide


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		6 ppm/32 day mild JPCAAC 10,17,1960


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis cattle other cell types 2,500 µmol/L MUREAV 39,149,1977
cytogenetic analysis domestic animal other cell types 5 mmol/L MUREAV 39,149,1977
cytogenetic analysis multiple
human 		42 mg/m3 MUREAV 359,25,1996
cytogenetic analysis inhalation
mouse 		14 µg/L/4 hour/7 day MUTAEX 17,215,2002
DNA adduct inhalation
rat 		72 mg/kg/300 day- intermittent CALEDQ 139,189,1999
DNA damage human lymphocyte 5,700 ppb MUREAV 39,149,1977
DNA inhibition human lymphocyte 5,700 ppb MUREAV 39,149,1977
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 10 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 39,149,1977
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 5 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 39,149,1977
other mutation test systems cattle other cell types 2,500 µmol/L MUREAV 39,149,1977
other mutation test systems Escherichia coli 2 mmol/L CBINA8 43,289,1983
other mutation test systems human lymphocyte 5,700 ppb MUREAV 39,149,1977
sister chromatid exchange multiple
human 		42 mg/m3 MUREAV 359,25,1996
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		200 µmol/L MUREAV 39,149,1977


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/7 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) FCTXAV 18,743,1980
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/7 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system NTIS** CONF-771017
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 32 ppm/24 hour (7-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		TJADAB 31,9B,1985
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm (9 day prior to copulation/1-14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral NETEEC 20,543,1998
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4 mg/m3/24 hour (72 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders

Reproductive: Maternal effects: Parturition

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) 		HYSAAV 35(4-6),277,1970
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4 mg/m3/24 hour (72 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects 		HYSAAV 35(4-6),277,1970
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,970 µg/m3/12 hour (12 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) 		HYSAAV 36(7-9),178,1971
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 30 ppm/6 hour (21 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct JTEHD6 21,141,1987
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 70 ppm/7 hour (6-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system NTIS** CONF-771017


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 500 ppm/5 minute/30 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		BJCAAI 21,606,1967
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 72 mg/kg/300 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		CALEDQ 139,189,1999


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
frog 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1 pph/15 minute N/R HBAMAK 4,1396,1935
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1,039 ppm/24 hour N/R CBTIAE 10,281,1939
inhalation
human 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1,000 ppm/10 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression CTOXAO 5,198,1972
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 ppm/5 day Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes TXAPA9 22,319,1972
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 12 ppm/1 hour Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes SAIGBL 14,449,1972
inhalation
human 		lowest published lethal concentration: 3,000 ppm/5 minute N/R TABIA2 3,231,1933
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.2 mg/m3/30 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,226,1993
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.9 mg/m3/60 minute Olfaction: Other olfaction effects VCVN5* -,226,1993
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.9 mg/m3/10 minute Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		VCVN5* -,226,1993
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published lethal concentration: 3,000 ppm/5 minute N/R AEPPAE 138,65,1928
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic concentration: 19.6 mg/m3 Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Endocrine: Other changes 		VCVN5* -,224,1993
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic concentration: 80 mg/m3 Olfaction: Change in sensation of smell

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		VCVN5* -,224,1993
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic concentration: 740 mg/m3 Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Gastrointestinal: Decreased motility or constipation 		VCVN5* -,224,1993
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3,000 ppm/30 minute Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) 		JCTODH 4,236,1977
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2,520 ppm/1 hour N/R NTIS** AD-A148-952
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2,168 mg/m3 Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		VCVN5* -,224,1993
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20 mg/m3/5 hour Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Aggression 		VCVN5* -,225,1993
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 30 mg/m3 Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Blood: Normocytic anemia

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) 		VCVN5* -,225,1993


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
cattle 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/10 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Other changes

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response 		TOXID9 72,230,2003
inhalation
cattle 		lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/7 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Other changes

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response 		TOXID9 72,230,2003
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/90 minute/1 year- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi AEHLAU 30,249,1975
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 500 ppm/2 hour/21 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		JTEHD6 13,945,1984
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/1 hour/30 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		INHEAO 23,81,1985
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4.5 mg/m3/24 hour/5 day- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VCVN5* -,227,1989
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 22 mg/m3/6 hour/7 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases ETOPFR 13,1,2003
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 56 mg/m3/6 hour/7 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases ETOPFR 13,1,2003
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/5 hour/28 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes 		CBPCEE 114,89,1996
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,910 µg/m3/6 hour/17 week- intermittent Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases 		GISAAA 41(5),6,1976
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 500 µg/m3/96 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Xanthine, purine or nucleotides including urate 		GISAAA 34(2),3,1969
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/3 hour/6 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi ATSUDG 9,431,1986
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/24 hour/14 day- intermittent Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		ARTODN 70,164,1996
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 8.5 mg/m3/24 hour/65 day- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Emphysema 		VCVN5* -,228,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 143 mg/m3/6 hour/17 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Endocrine: Hyperglycemia 		VCVN5* -,229,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 51.2 mg/m3/6 hour/17 week- intermittent Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Gastrointestinal: Other changes

Liver: Liver function tests impaired 		VCVN5* -,229,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/1 hour/6 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Eye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Food intake (animal) 		NETEEC 25,587,2003
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/1 hour/6 week- intermittent Behavioral: Fluid intake

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		NETEEC 25,587,2003
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 300 ppm/4 hour/44 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases 		EJPHAZ 487,7,2004
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 200 mg/m3/3 hour/13 week- intermittent Cardiac: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage 		GISAAA 24(6),22,1959


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 2 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value short term exposure limit 5 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 54,131,1992
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 54,131,1992
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 54,131,1992
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 558,7,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NTIS** PB228-002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
EVHPAZ 10,35,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
GEIGAI 20,299,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AEHLAU 16,903,1968
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ENVRAL 16,139,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NTIS** CONF-691001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AMIHBC 10,455,1954
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 140-141,195,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 140-141,213,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Supported RBREV* -,320,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) DTLVS* 3,238,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - ARAB Republic of Egypt time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 5 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.2 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), VLE 5 ppm (10 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 5 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit Pending, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 2 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), TKV 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 2 ppm (5 mg/m3), KZG- week 4 ppm (10 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.3 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (13 mg/m3), SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

short term exposure limit 5 ppm
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
short term exposure limit 5 ppm


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO SULFUR DIOXIDE-air 10 hour time-weighted average 2 ppm;
short term exposure limit 5 ppm 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 70860;
Number of Industries 85;
Total Number of Facilities 6,399;
Number of Occupations 61;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 51,398
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 70860;
Number of Industries 59;
Total Number of Facilities 2,465;
Number of Occupations 58;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 55,033;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 8,990


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/99/122020)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in treating wood pulp for paper manufacturing, in ore and metal refining
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Sulfur dioxide, 6004
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID200
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-104 (for impinger)


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960-
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947-
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975-
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969-
CBPCEE Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology. (Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.74- 1983-
CBTIAE Contributions from Boyce Thompson Institute. (Yonkers, NY) V.1-24, 1925-71. Discontinued.
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW.
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EJPHAZ European Journal of Pharmacology. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1967-
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967-
ETOPFR Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology (Elsevier Science, P.O.Box 7247-7682,Philadelphia,PA 19170 -7682,USA OR Elsevier Science B.V.,P.O.Box 1270,1000 BG Amsterdam,The Netherlands) V.1- Feb.1996-
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7.
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GEIGAI Gendai Igaku. Current Medicine. (Aichi-ken Ishikai, 14-28, Sakae 4-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya 460, Japan) V.1- 1950-
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig, Ger. Dem. Rep.)
HYSAAV Hygiene and Sanitation (USSR). English translation of GISAAA. (Springfield, VA) 1964-71. Discontinued.
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
INHEAO Industrial Health. (National Institute of Industrial Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 213 Japan) V.1- 1963-
JCTODH Journal of Combustion Toxicology. (Westport, CT) V.3-9, 1976-82.
JPCAAC Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association. (Air Pollution Control Assoc., POB 2861, Pittsburgh, PA 15230) V.5- 1955-
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959-
TABIA2 Tabulae Biologicae. (The Hague, Netherlands) V.1-22, 1925-63. Discontinued.
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
VCVN5* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov V-VII groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing V-VII group elements), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1989.

Used in treating wood pulp for paper manufacturing, in ore and metal refining

NIOSH PROFILE (DIESEL EMISSIONS), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (GLASS and CERAMICS MANUFACTURE), SRC, 6/80

NIOSH PROFILE (INCINERATION), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (LEATHER TANNING), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (PULP AND PAPER MILLS), SRI, 2/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

ALT CAS #: 8014-94-6
ALT CAS #: 12396-99-5
ALT CAS #: 83008-56-4
ALT CAS #: 89125-89-3
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