The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Toluene, 2,4 - dinitro -

RTECS #: XT1575000

CAS #: 121-14-2

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 182.15 MF: C7H6N2O4


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1 - Methyl - 2,4 - dinitrobenzene
  2. 2,4 - DNT
  3. 2,4 - Dinitrotoluene
  4. 2,4 - Dinitrotoluol
  5. 4 - Methyl - 1,3 - dinitrobenzene
  1. Benzene, 1 - methyl - 2,4 - dinitro -
  2. DNT
  3. Dinitrotoluene (OSHA)
  4. NCI - C01865
  5. RCRA waste number U105


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
skin
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour mild NTIS** AD-B011-150


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis oral
rat 		4,200 mg/kg/5 week- continuous MUREAV 38,387,1976
dominant lethal test oral
rat 		10,920 mg/kg/13 week- continuous NTIS** AD-A061-715
DNA adduct oral
rat 		10 mg/kg JTEHD6 11,555,1983
DNA damage rat liver 3 mmol/L SinJF# 26OCT1982
DNA inhibition intraperitoneal
rat 		20 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent CBTOE2 7,111,1991
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat other cell types 10 µmol/L CBTOE2 7,111,1991
unscheduled DNA synthesis oral
rat 		35 mg/kg EMMUEG 14,155,1989
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 10 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) NTIS** AD-A080-146
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 125 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 7(Suppl 5),1,1985
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 200 mg/L CALEDQ 20,103,1983
mutation in mammalian somatic cells rat liver 600 µmol/L BANRDU 2,303,1979
morphological transform oral
rat 		567 mg/kg/3 week- continuous CRNGDP 7,1797,1986
other mutation test systems oral
rat 		10 mg/kg JTEHD6 11,555,1983
other mutation test systems Salmonella typhimurium 50 mg/L MUREAV 272,91,1992
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 1,010 mg/L EMMUEG 13,60,1989
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		200 ppm ENMUDM 7,677,1985


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 3,094 mg/kg (13 week male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility 		NTIS** AD-A077-692
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 8,463 mg/kg (13 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) JACTDZ 4(4),243,1985


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 10,080 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors 		JACTDZ 4(4),257,1985
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 8,760 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-54,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,620 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-54,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 5,460 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-54,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 28 gm/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		NTIS** AD-A080-146
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 12,775 mg/kg/1 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		PAACA3 24,91,1983


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 790 mg/kg N/R GTPZAB 25(8),50,1981
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 268 mg/kg N/R NTIS** PB214-270
subcutaneous
cat 		lowest published lethal dose: 25 mg/kg N/R XPHBAO 271,110,1941
skin
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >1 gm/kg N/R NTIS** OTS0572393


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,250 mg/kg/90 day- intermittent Blood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		TXAPA9 37,116,1976
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 7,280 mg/kg/2 year- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTIS** AD-A080-146
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 37,583 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Normocytic anemia

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JACTDZ 4(4),257,1985
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 654 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Blood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) 		JACTDZ 4(4),257,1985
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 328 gm/kg/1 year- continuous Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight 		NTIS** AD-A077-692
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 13,195 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JACTDZ 4(4),243,1985
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 24,752 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Blood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) 		JACTDZ 4(4),243,1985
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 12,410 mg/kg/1 year- continuous Blood: Normocytic anemia

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight 		NTIS** AD-A077-692
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 76 gm/kg/26 week- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight 		JTSCDR 4,221,1979
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,260 mg/kg/3 week- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TXAPA9 94,466,1988
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,520 mg/kg/3 week- continuous Endocrine: Change in LH

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct 		TXAPA9 94,466,1988


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 65,309,1996
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 65,309,1996
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMEMDT 65,309,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NTIS** AD778-725
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,227,2004


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE-air Carcinogen;
10 hour time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m3 (Sk) 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/99/122004)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: CHO gene mutation
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN #44
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);some evidence:rat NCITR* NCI-TR-54,1978
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);no evidence:mouse NCITR* NCI-TR-54,1978
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #44


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
BANRDU Banbury Report. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, POB 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724) V.1- 1979-
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975-
CBTOE2 Cell Biology and Toxicology. (Princeton Scientific Pub., Inc., 301 N. Harrison St., CN 5279, Princeton, NJ 08540) V.1- 1984-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG.
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
SinJF# Personal Communication from J.F. Sina, Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research, West Point, PA 19486, Oct. 26, 1982
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
XPHBAO U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin. (Washington, DC)

NIOSH PROFILE (NITROTOLUENES), SRC, 10/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Primary Irritant

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