The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

m - Xylene

RTECS #: ZE2275000

CAS #: 108-38-3

UPDATE: August 2004 MW: 106.18 MF: C8H10


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. m - Dimethylbenzene
  2. 1,3 - Dimethylbenzene
  3. Benzene, 1,3 - dimethyl - (9CI)
  4. m - Methyltoluene
  1. 1,3 - Xylene
  2. m - Xylene (ACGIH:OSHA)
  3. m - Xylol


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		5 mg/24 hour severe 85JCAE -,30,1986
skin
rat 		1,00%/1 hour TOXID9 72,379,2003
skin
rabbit 		10 µg/24 hour open irritation test severe AIHAAP 23,95,1962
skin
rabbit 		20 mg/24 hour moderate 85JCAE -,30,1986


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R N/R


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 500 mg/m3/12 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		ATSUDG 8,425,1985
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3,000 mg/m3/24 hour (7-14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		TXCYAC 18,61,1980
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 500 mg/m3/24 hour (7-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		ATSUDG 8,425,1985
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg (12-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) APTOD9 19,A22,1980
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) APTOD9 19,A22,1980


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
man 		lowest published toxic concentration: 424 mg/m3/6 hour/6 day Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) TOLED5 1000(Sp Iss 1),74,1980
inhalation
man 		lowest published toxic concentration: 870 mg/m3/4 hour- intermittent Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Irritability 		ATSUDG 7,412,1984
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published lethal concentration: 2,010 ppm/24 hour N/R JPBAA7 46,95,1938
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 5,267 ppm/6 hour N/R VCVGH* -,159,1990
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 8,000 ppm/4 hour N/R AIHAAP 23,95,1962
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/6 hour Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) 		TOXID9 72,291,2003
intraperitoneal
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg N/R JPBAA7 46,95,1938
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,003 µL/kg N/R ARTODN 58,106,1985
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4,988 mg/kg N/R VCVGH* -,160,1990
subcutaneous
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kg N/R JPBAA7 46,95,1938
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 14,100 µL/kg N/R AIHAAP 23,95,1962


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/6 hour/2 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes 		ARTODN 45,117,1980
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/6 hour/20 day- intermittent Behavioral: Analgesia

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning 		NRTXDN 22,79,2001
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,000 ppm/6 hour/8 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Behavioral: Food intake (animal) 		FCTOD7 41,415,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 gm/kg/4 week- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain TIHEEC 1(3),67,1985


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 100 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2002
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 100 ppm;short term exposure limit 150 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value short term exposure limit 150 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2002
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 71,1189,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 71,1189,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 71,1189,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 127,111,2002


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 100 ppm (440 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* 3,281,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 100 ppm (440 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 35 ppm (150 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 100 ppm (435 mg/m3), VLE 150 ppm (650 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit 100 ppm (430 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 25 ppm (108 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 100 ppm (435 mg/m3), KZG- week 200 ppm (870 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 100 ppm (441 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 150 ppm, Skin, SEP2000


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO m-XYLENE-air 10 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm;
short term exposure limit 150 ppm 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: M1027;
Number of Industries 5;
Total Number of Facilities 96;
Number of Occupations 21;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 4,621
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: M1027;
Number of Industries 33;
Total Number of Facilities 4,113;
Number of Occupations 36;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 39,864;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 7,449


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE FEREAC 47,26992,82
Used as intermediate in preparation of ISOPHTHALIC ACID
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #1002


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
APTOD9 Abstracts of Papers, Society of Toxicology. Annual Meetings. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JPBAA7 Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology. (London, UK) V.1-96, 1892-1968. For publisher information, see JPTLAS.
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NRTXDN Neurotoxicology. (Intox Press, Inc., POB 34075, Little Rock, AR 72203) V.1- 1979-
TIHEEC Toxicology and Industrial Health. (Princeton Scientific Pub. Co., POB 2155, Princeton, NJ 08540) V.1- 1985-
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
VCVGH* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogenproisvodnie uglevodorodov". (Hazardous substances: Galogenated hydrocarbons) Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1990.

Used as intermediate in preparation of ISOPHTHALIC ACID

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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